Many thanks to our contributors: Kerry Schiel, Léandre Fabri and Cyrille Médard de Chardon

Day 8: HDX by Kerry Schiel

Day 8: HDX by Léandre Fabri

Day 7: Vintage by Cyrille Médard de Chardon

Day 7: Vintage by Kerry Schiel

Day 6: Raster by Kerry Schiel

Day 5: A journey by Léandre Fabri

Day 5: A journey by Kerry Schiel

Day 4: Hexagons by Cyrille Médard de Chardon

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Day 4: Hexagons by Kerry Schiel

Day 3: Polygons by Kerry Schiel

Day 2: Lines by Léandre Fabri

Day 2: Lines by Kerry Schiel

Day 1: Points by Kerry Schiel

Day 1: Points by Cyrille Médard de Chardon

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Letz start!

The details of iEMSs 2020 are here.

The followings are the abstract and the video of the presentation Scaling of Urban Heat Island and NO₂ with Urban Population: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Due to urban population growth worldwide, thermal anomalies and toxic air pollution are increasing concern for citizens. Despite this increasing challenge and indications that these environmental problems increase with city size, there is still no consolidated understanding of the effect of city size on urban heat island (UHI) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) pollution. Meanwhile, research on urban scaling laws, which formally relates population size and urban characteristics, has been quickly increasing over the past decade but is mostly devoted to the socio-economic outcome of cities rather than pollution or heat stress. Most studies dedicated to UHI or NO₂ consider only a single city or analyze a few cities within the top ranks of specific world regions or globally. We intend to fill this gap by conducting a qualitative synthesis of the literature and performing a statistical meta-analysis from published work with the aim to uncover scaling laws of UHI and NO₂ with the population size of cities. Under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline, we collect and filter about 500 research outcomes on UHI and NO₂ from Scopus and Google Scholar. We find that moving from a city with a population of 100-thousand to a city with a population of 1 million, the max UHI intensity increases by 2.66 °C, the annual mean NO₂ surface concentration increases by 14.95 𝜇g/m³. Moving from a city having a population of 1 million to a city with a population of 10-million, the max UHI intensity increases by 3.87 °C, the annual mean NO₂ surface concentration increases by 21.72 𝜇g/m³. Thus, larger cities have higher levels of UHI effects and NO₂ pollution. We also give the progress of verifying the NO₂ scaling using census data and in-situ and RS-measured NO₂ data at the level of Urban Atlas 2012.

When? 21st of January 2019 14h-16h.

Where? Map Room (next to GIS room) 1st floor MSH, Belval.

14h-15h : Justin Delloye (LISER) : A mathematical approach of residential migration dynamics

The spatial distribution of a regional population, the residential pattern, is an important topic for public authorities because it is related to concerning issues such as access to housing or sustainable commuting. Its evolution is essentially driven by residential migrations, which form a complex dynamic system because of the feedbacks between residential migrations and residential patterns. To handle this complexity, researchers usually rely on numerical simulation tools such as agent-based models or cellular automata. However, these methods still suffer from a few shortcomings among which calibration and validation issues, as well as biases due to discrete time steps.

In this talk, I present a mathematical model of residential migrations that can complement current numerical approaches by addressing these calibration, validation and temporal issues. The model is presented with two applications. First, an individual model of residential migration is built, which reconciles previous stochastic representations of dynamic spatial interaction models by introducing an endogenous “decision rate” parameter. This parameter is then estimated using Belgian residential flows in 2005. Second, the individual model is aggregated to express the evolution of a residential pattern as a Markovian system. This aggregation procedure is then used to study the structural properties of a traditional core-periphery model of economic geography.

15h-16h :  Brano Glumac (LISER) :What are the housing needs and solutions for the households with frequent residential mobility patterns? A qualitative systematic review

The objective is to generate the transdisciplinary conceptual framework capable of sketching the attributes of flexible housing solutions and their benefits to households with frequent residential mobility patterns.

Residential mobility has an impact on available housing solutions and vice versa. Frequent residential change is potentially a useful marker for the household financial danger and lack of wealth accumulation via classical property tenures. Thus this systematic review supports the enlargement of housing solutions by generating and exploring a framework to support these residentially mobile households for whom lack of means for wealth generation may be identified. Therefore, a primary research question asks what are the housing needs and solutions reported in the literature that should suit households with frequent residential mobility patterns. Followed by a secondary question; what are the attributes of the identified flexible housing solutions?

Narrative and framework synthesis were used consecutively to generate and explore the conceptual framework of flexible housing. Both are qualitative synthesis based on configurative synthesis within a purposive sampling framework approach. This approach is the best suited to generate new emerging concepts. The first step of framework synthesis approach provides an answer to a broader question of the housing needs for the population with frequent mobility patterns. The second step identifies the attributes of the non-exhaustive list of the interventions. Searching for studies adopts a purposive sampling framework (author identified three groups of housing interventions or solutions for residents with high mobility pattern: technical, service-based and institutional) based on an existing body of literature. Studies that investigated international migration for asylum were excluded. Two reviewers assessed each study using quality criteria with particular attention to the consideration of bias. Data were extracted for analysis using a thematic analysis. Eight-hundred studies were included for this review.

HUB #2

When? 12th of NOv 2019 14h00-15h00.
Where? Map Room (next to GIS room) 1st floor MSH, Belval.

14H-15H : Paul Kilgarriff : Change in Artificial Land Use over time across European Cities: A rescaled radial perspective

In this presentation we present a radial analysis of cities in order to understand what the recent changes in artificial land use (ALU) across Europe and how this change relates to city size. We examine whether Gibrat’s law holds for artificial land use change, i.e. ALU growth and city size are independent. We not only examine Gibrat at an aggregate level but we also examine the internal structure of cities by controlling for the effect of city size. A scaling law is used to examine the internal structure of cities, as determined by distance to the city center. Using the population of the city and the population of the largest city in the dataset, we are able to display a complex two-dimensional intra-urban structure of a city in a one-dimensional space. Controlling for city size enables us to compare the change ALU for different groups of cities, i.e. small versus large cities, which are related to issues such as sprawl and urban expansion. The second argument for focusing on Gibrat is to examine where the ALU change happens and whether that ‘where’ is changing with city size. We can examine where the biggest change in ALU is occurring in relation to distance the central business district.

We have in store a fantastic range of activities where kids and the general public will discover how geographical information gets transformed into maps.

During the School Days (Thursday and Friday), we explore the basics of map geometries (points, lines and polygons) and see how can we display different spatial information on a web map. We have also built a special interactive Augmented Reality Sandbox to explain contour maps. Some 12 school classes have booked sessions with us over the 2 days, and more are welcome!

During the weekend (Saturday and Sunday), kids and adults are welcome to stop by our booth! We have an exciting set of activities that show how the Geoid (real shape of the Earth) is transformed into the globe, and how it can projected into a 2D paper map. The sandbox installation has no age limit and is fun even for adults. We will discover different web maps and kids will play with our colouring maps.

Join us and contribute to our Birthdate Map during the weekend!

Many thanks to all the volunteers helping us over the 4 days: Paula, Jutta, Catherine, Isabelle, Estelle, Tom, Rannveig, Sina, Melissa, Kevin, Kimberly, Victor, and our Champion, Marlène!!!

Special thanks also to Kate: the one who initiated the project; as well as Patrick, Kerry, Victor and Marlène for the preparation and installation.

Free access until October 9th, 2019: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1ZbT5_Uo5A~6R5 

Our commentary answers a systematic review from Lindsey Smith, Louise Foley and Jenna Panther on “Activity spaces in studies of the environment and physical activity” (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.04.003)

Thank you Health and Place for this opportunity!

Abstract

Activity space research provides a framework to consider mobility while linking environments to behaviors in the study of neighborhood effects on health. Increased use of wearable location sensors provides new opportunities to observe and analyze fine-grained spatial and temporal information on individuals’ mobility patterns, environmental exposures and behaviors; however, these analysis does not easily translate into causal inference. Additional dimensions underlying behavioral decision-making likely influence or even modify environmental effects on behaviors. This commentary discusses how further progresses in exposure measurement, integration of data collection tools, and development of study designs could support future interventions to optimize how environments shape health profiles and inequities.